INTRODUCTION

The leptonetid spiders of the genus Masirana are easily distinguished from the species of other genera by the anterior edge of endite extended outward and special apophyses on the distal tibia of the male palp (Komatsu 1942, 1961, 1970). All of the twenty three species listed were recorded from the islands of Japan (World Spider Catalog 2015).

While studying specimens collected during the Korean indigenous species survey, the author identified four new species and one new genus, Longileptoneta songniensis n. sp., Masirana bonghwaensis n. sp., M. ilweolensis n. sp., M. flabelli n. sp. and Longileptoneta n. gen., and described.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Specimens were examined and measured using a stereomicroscope (Leica S8APO, Singapore). Photographs were taken with a digital camera (Leica DFC 420) and the images were combined using image stacking software (i-Solution, Future Science Co. Ltd., Taejeon, Korea).

The abbreviations in the text follow Seo (2014a, b): Somatic morphology - c, carapace length; l, length; w, width. Leg I, length of leg I; Fem. I, length of femur I; Pat. I, length of patella; Tib. I, length of tibia I; Met. I, length of metatarsus I; Tar. I, length of tarsus I; d, p, r and v in leg spination are dorsal, prolateral, retrolateral and ventral side of leg, respectively. The sequence of leg segments in measurement data is as follows: total (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). Eye area - AER, anterior eye row; ALE, anterior lateral eye; ALE-PME, distance between ALE and PME; PER, posterior eye row; PLE, posterior lateral eye; PLE-PME, distance between PLE and PME; PME, posterior median eye.

All measurements in the text are given in millimeters. The examined specimens are deposited in the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), Ministry of Environment, Korea.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Order Araneae Clerck, 1757 거미목

Family Leptonetidae Simon, 1890 잔나비거미과

Genus Longileptoneta n. gen. 긴잔나비거미속 (신칭)

Type species:Longileptoneta songniensis n. sp.

Etymology: The generic name comes from the Latin adjective longus meaning “long” referring to the shape of palpal and the name of stem genus Leptoneta.

Diagnosis: The male palp of Longileptoneta n. gen. is similar to those of GuinetaLin and Li, 2010 and LeptonetelaKratochvíl, 1978 in the tarsal end beyond palpal bulb distinctly, the poorly developed embolus and apical sclerites, and the tarsal spurs, but can be distinguished from the latters by the strong spines restricted to the femur, the prolateral distal spur, and the prolateral curvature of tarsus (Fig. 1C-G). The female internal genitalia of Longileptoneta are sinous long tube-like structure and similer to those of Leptoneta, but clearly different from those of Guineta and Leptonetela (Fig. 1H).

Description: Carapace brown and fovea linear, distinct. Clypeus height 1.8~2.3 times of diameter of ALE. Six eyes. ALE and PLE contiguous, PMEs also contiguous. PER strongly recurved. Chelicera with seven promarginal and three to four minute retromarginal teeth. Endite bulged out medially, and a little longer than wide (Fig. 1B). Abdomen dark brown, oval. Palp (Fig. 1C-G): femur with many strong spines; tarsus with a spur at tip and a proximal prolateral spur, branched retrolaterally but without transverse depression. Palpal bulb with a leaf-like embolus and a finger-like median sclerite. Female internal genitalia with a pair of tube-shaped ducts (Fig. 1H).

Longileptoneta songniensis n. sp. 긴잔나비거미 (신칭) (Fig. 1A-H)

Material examined: Holotype: ♂, mixed forest around Galryeong Tunnel (36°30′47″N, 127°55′21″E, alt. 467 m), 5.7 km southeast of the summit of Mt. Songni, Hwabuk-myeon, Boeun-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, July 5, 2011, T. B. Ryu. Paratype: 1♀, same data as holotype; 1♂, 1♀, mixed forest around Galmok Tunnel (36°29′39″N, 127°49′24″E, alt. 417 m), 7.8 m southwest of the summit of Mt. Songni, Songnisan-myeon, Boeun-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, July 4, 2011, T. B. Ryu.

Etymology: The specific name comes from the type locality, Mt. Songni.

Diagnosis: The male palp of L. songniensis n. sp. is very similar to that of Guineta gigachelaLin and Li, 2010, but can be distinguished from the latter by the number of spines on the femur, the prolateral distal spur of the tarsus, and the finger-like median sclerite on the palpal bulb (Fig. 1C-G).

Description: Male (holotype). Total length 1.32. Habitus as in Fig. 1A. Carapace brown, and 0.60 long, 0.54 wide; fovea linear, distinct. Clypeus height 1.8 times of diameter of ALE. AER 0.10, PER 0.13. ALE 0.06, PME 0.04, PLE 0.05, ALEPME 0.07, PLE-PME 0.03. Chelicera with seven promarginal and three minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.44 long, 0.43 wide. Labium 0.05 long, 0.12 wide. Endite bulged out medially, and a little longer than wide (Fig. 1B). Leg measurements: I 3.33 (0.90, 0.20, 0.95, 0.73, 0.55), II 2.60 (0.74, 0.20, 0.70, 0.53, 0.43), III 2.23 (0.61, 0.19, 0.54, 0.49, 0.40), IV 3.09 (0.85, 0.20, 0.88, 0.68, 0.48). Palp 1.36 (0.50, 0.23, 0.28, 0.35). Leg I/c 5.55. Fem. I/c 1.50. Tib I/c 1.58. Met I/ c 1.22. Pat. I+tib. I/c 1.92. Met. I/tar. I 1.33. Met. IV/tar. IV 1.42. Leg spination pattern: Femora; I d1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1- 0-0-0, p0-1-0; II d1-1-1-0-0-0. Tibiae; I p0-0-0-1, r0-0-0-1, v1-0; II~IV p0-0-0-1, r0-0-0-1. Metatarsi; I v0-1-0; II~IV p0-1-0, v0-1-0. Abdomen dark brown, oval, and 0.68 long, 0.52 wide. Palp (Fig. 1C-G): femur with many strong spines; tibia without apophysis; tarsus with a spur at tip and a proximal prolateral spur, branched retrolaterally but without transverse depression. Palpal bulb with a leaf-like embolus and two types of sclerite, prolateral sclerite absent: median sclerite small finger-like; retrolateral sclerite transparently membranous.

Female (paratype). Total length 1.30. Carapace 0.66 long, 0.56 wide. Clypeus height 2.3 times of diameter of ALE. AER 0.10, PER 0.13. ALE 0.05, PME 0.04, PLE 0.05, ALEPME 0.07, PLE-PME 0.03. Chelicera with seven promarginal and four minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.46 long, 0.36 wide. Labium 0.08 long, 0.13 wide. Leg measurements: I lost, II 2.66 (0.73, 0.21, 0.70, 0.56, 0.46), III 2.34 (0.64, 0.20, 0.55, 0.52, 0.43), IV 3.19 (0.91, 0.20, 0.90, 0.70, 0.48). Palp 1.16 (0.38, 0.14, 0.26, 0.38). Leg spination pattern: Tibiae; II~IV p0-0-0-1, r0-0-0-1. Metatarsi; II, IV p0-1-0, v0-1-0; III p0-1-0. Abdomen oval, 0.66 long, 0.56 wide. Internal genitalia; spermatheca and genital duct tube-shaped, loosely coiled (Fig. 1H).

Habitat: Mixed forest.

World Distribution: Korea (Chungcheongbuk-do).

Deposition: NIBR.

Identifier: Bo Keun Seo.

Genus MasiranaKomatsu, 1942 턱잔나비거미속 (신칭)

Masirana bonghwaensis n. sp. 봉화잔나비거미 (신칭) (Fig. 2A-G)

Material examined: Holotype: ♂, valley forest (37°02′16″ N, 128°59′37″E, alt. 716 m), 8.3 km southeast of the summit of Mt. Taebaek, Seokpo-myeon, Bonghwa-gun, Gyeongsangbuk- do, September 17, 2011, T. B. Ryu.

Etymology: The specific name comes from the type locality, Bonghwa county.

Diagnosis: The male of M. bonghwaensis n. sp. is distinguished from all other Masirana species by having a very long apophysis with bent tip on the distal end of palpal tibia (Fig. 2F, G).

Description: Male (holotype). Total length 1.86. Habitus as in Fig. 2A. Carapace brown, 0.76 long, 0.70 wide; fovea linear, distinct. Clypeus height 3.3 times of diameter of ALE. AER 0.10, PER 0.13. ALE 0.05, PME 0.05, PLE 0.04, ALEPME 0.08, PLE-PME 0.05. Chelicera with eight promarginal and six minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.57 long, 0.49 wide. Labium 0.10 long, 0.14 wide. Anterior edge of endite extended outward (Fig. 2B). Leg measurements: I 5.11 (1.38, 0.28, 1.50, 1.20, 0.75), II 3.98 (1.05, 0.25, 1.10, 0.90, 0.68), III 3.38 (0.93, 0.20, 0.88, 0.83, 0.53), IV lost. Palp 1.74 (0.73, 0.35, 0.33, 0.33). Leg I/c 6.72. Fem. I/c 1.82. Tib I/c 1.97. Met I/c 1.58. Pat. I+tib. I/c 2.34. Met. I/tar. I 1.60. Leg spination pattern: Femora; I d2-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, p0- 1-0; II d1-1-0-1. Tibiae; I p1-1, r1-1-1, v1-1; II p0-1-1, r1- 1-1, v1-0; III p0-1-1, r0-1-1. Metatarsi; I v0-1-0; II, III p0- 1-0, v0-1-0. Abdomen dark brown, oval, and 1.02 long, 0.56 wide. Palp (Fig. 2C-G): femur with many strong spines; tibia with two retrolateral pophyses on distal end, outer one bristle-like and inner one very long, with bent tip; tarsus branched slightly, with a transverse depression and six proximal retrolateral bristles. Palpal bulb with an embolus bearing a blunt tip and three types of sclerite: prolateral sclerite and median sclerite blade-like; retrolateral sclerite transparent membrane.

Habitat: Valley forest.

World Distribution: Korea (Gyeongsangbuk-do).

Deposition: NIBR.

Identifier: Bo Keun Seo.

Masirana flabelli n. sp. 부채잔나비거미 (신칭) (Fig. 3A-H)

Material examined: Holotype: ♂, valley forest (35°41′41″ N, 128°56′48″E, alt. 230 m), 4.1 km north north-west of Unmun Temple in Mt. Unmun, Unmun-myeon, Cheongdogun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, July 11, 2011, J. S. Park.

Etymology: The specific name comes from the Latin noun flabellum meaning “a small (hand-held) fan” and refers to the shape of outer apophysis on the distal end of palpal tibia.

Diagnosis: The male palp of M. flabelli n. sp. is distinguished from all other Masirana species by the fan-like tibial apophysis (Fig. 3F-H).

Description: Male (holotype). Total length 1.48. Habitus as in Fig. 3A. Carapace yellowish brown and 0.62 long, 0.54 wide; fovea linear, distinct. Clypeus height 2.5 times of diameter of ALE. AER 0.10, PER 0.12. ALE 0.05, PME 0.04, PLE 0.04, ALE-PME 0.05, PLE-PME 0.01. Chelicera with eight promarginal and four minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.48 long, 0.33 wide. Labium 0.07 long, 0.12 wide. Anterior edge of endite extended outward (Fig. 4B). Leg measurements: I lost, II 2.60 (0.74, 0.20, 0.68, 0.54, 0.44), III 2.26 (0.62, 0.18, 0.54, 0.50, 0.42), IV 3.10 (0.88, 0.18, 0.90, 0.68, 0.46). Palp 1.06 (0.44, 0.16, 0.20, 0.26). Leg spination pattern: Tibiae; II p0-1-0, v1-0; III p0-0-1; IV p0- 0-0-1, r0-0-0-1. Metatarsi; III p0-1-0, v0-1-0; IV v0-1-0. Abdomen dark brown, oval and 0.76 long, 0.52 wide. Palp (Fig. 3C-H): femur without strong spine; tibia with two retrolateral apophyses on distal end, outer one fan-like and inner one curved spine-like, and with a retrolateral spur; tarsus unbranched, with a transverse depression. Palpal bulb with a sickle-like embolus and three types of sclerite: prolateral sclerite narrrowleaf-like; median sclerite blade-like; retrolateral sclerite transparently membranous.

Habitat: Valley forest.

World Distribution: Korea (Gyeongsangbuk-do).

Deposition: NIBR.

Identifier: Bo Keun Seo.

Masirana ilweolensis n. sp. 일월잔나비거미 (신칭) (Fig. 4A-H)

Material examined: Holotype: ♂, valley forest (36°45′22″ N, 129°10′29″E, alt. 360 m), 8.2 km southeast of the summit of Mt. Ilweol, Ilweol-myeon, Yeongyang-gun, Gyeongsangbuk- do, October 6, 2009, S. Y. Kim. Paratype: 1♂, 1♀, valley forest (36°46′42″N, 128°56′18″E, alt. 506 m), 2.1 km southeast of Cheongryang Temple, Myeongho-myeon, Bonghwa- gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, October 8, 2009, S. Y. Kim.

Etymology: The specific name comes from the type locality, Mt. Ilweol.

Diagnosis: The male palp of M. ilweolensis n. sp. is distinguished from all other Masirana species by the serrated tip of embolus (Fig. 4E, F).

Description: Male (holotype). Total length 2.00. Habitus as in Fig. 4A. Carapace yellowish brown and 0.78 long, 0.66 wide; fovea linear, distinct. Clypeus height 3.8 times of diameter of ALE. AER 0.11, PER 0.14. ALE 0.06, PME 0.05, PLE 0.06, ALE-PME 0.08, PLE-PME 0.03. Chelicera with eight promarginal and six minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.56 long, 0.53 wide. Labium 0.13 long, 0.16 wide. Anterior edge of endite extended outward (Fig. 4B). Leg measurements: I (lost a part) (1.58, 0.28, 1.78, -, -), II 4.58 (1.30, 0.25, 1.30, 1.03, 0.70), III 3.82 (1.03, 0.25, 0.98, 0.93, 0.63), IV 5.27 (1.48, 0.28, 1.58, 1.20, 0.73). Palp 1.91 (0.88, 0.35, 0.25, 0.43). Fem. I/c 1.98. Tib I/c 2.23. Pat. I+tib. I/ c 2.58. Met. IV/tar. IV 1.64. Leg spination pattern: Femora; I 1-1-1-1-1-1-0-0-0-0-0-0, p0-1; II 1-1-1-1-0-0-0-0. Tibiae; I p0-1-1-1, r0-1-1-1, v1-1-1-0; II p0-1-1, r0-1-1, v1-1-0; III p0-1-1, r0-1-1; IV p0-0-1, r0-1-1, v1-0-0. Metatarsi; I v0- 1-0; II p0-1-0, r0-1-0, v0-1-0; III v1-1; IV p0-1-0, v0-1-0. Abdomen dark brown, oval, 1.04 long, 0.64 wide. Palp (Fig. 4C-G): femur with many strong spines; tibia with two retrolateral apophyses on distal end, outer one membranous and inner one transparent cone-like; tarsus unbranched, with a transverse depression. Palpal bulb with an embolus bearing a serrated tip and three types of sclerite: prolateral sclerite narrrowleaf-like; median sclerite short spine-like; retrolateral sclerite transparently membranous.

Female (paratype). Total length 1.86. Carapace 0.86 long, 0.76 wide. Clypeus height 3.8 times of diameter of ALE. AER 0.12, PER 0.14. ALE 0.05, PME 0.04, PLE 0.05, ALEPME 0.10, PLE-PME 0.05. Chelicera with eight promarginal and four minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.59 long, 0.55 wide. Labium 0.13 long, 0.17 wide. Leg measurements: I 5.41 (1.48, 0.30, 1.63, 1.20, 0.80), II 4.29 (1.23, 0.28, 1.20, 0.93, 0.65), III 3.61 (1.03, 0.25, 0.90, 0.83, 0.60), IV (lost a part) (1.45, 0.25, 1.48, -, -). Palp 1.84 (0.63, 0.20, 0.43, 0.58). Leg I/c 6.29. Fem. I/c 1.72. Tib I/c 1.90. Met I/c 1.40. Pat. I+tib. I/c 2.24. Met. I/tar. I 1.50. Leg spination pattern: Femora; I d1-1-1-1-0-0-0-0, p0-1; II d1-1-0. Tibiae; I p0-1- 1-1, r0-1-1, v1-1; II p0-1-1, r0-1-1, v1-0; III p0-1-1, r1-1; IV p0-1-1, r0-1-1. Metatarsi; II p0-1-0; III, p0-1-0, v0-1-0. Abdomen oval, 1.00 long, 0.76 wide. Internal genitalia; spermatheca pear-shaped, genital duct long (Fig. 4H).

Habitat: Valley forest.

World Distribution: Korea (Gyeongsangbuk-do).

Deposition: NIBR.

Identifier: Bo Keun Seo.